Mechanism of action of DIAZEPAM
It facilitates the binding of GABA to its receptor and increases its activity. Acts on the limbic system, thalamus and hypothalamus. It does not produce blocking action of the peripheral SNA nor extrapyramidal side effects. Prolonged action
Therapeutic indications DIAZEPAM
Anxiety. Symptomatic suppression of anxiety, agitation and psychic tension due to psychoneurotic states and transient situational disorders. Anesthetic premedication. Induction to anesthesia. Sedation prior to diagnostic, surgical and endoscopic interventions. Alcoholic deprivation. Coadjuvant in musculoskeletal pain due to spasms or local pathology. Spasticity due to cerebral palsy and paraplegia, athetosis and generalized rigidity syndrome. Coadjuvant in anticonvulsant therapy. Febrile convulsions in children> 1 year (10 kg). Epileptic seizures Status epilepticus. Tetanus. Preeclampsia and eclampsia.
Dosage of DIAZEPAM
Duration as short as possible and reevaluate at regular intervals, including need to continue. Max. 8-12 sem. including gradual withdrawal. - Symptomatic suppression of anxiety, agitation and psychic tension by psychoneurotic states and transient situational disorders: Oral: ads: 2-10 mg 2-4 times / day. Children> 6 months: 0.1-0.3 mg / kg / day. Elderly, I.H., I.R .: 2-2.5 mg 1 or 2 times / day, gradual increase according to need and tolerability. Parenteral: medium / severe anxiety states: ads: 2-10 mg IM or IV, repeat at 3-4 h if necessary. Elders I.R., I.H., lower effective amount. Rectal (microenemas, suppositories) (if fast action is required and the parenteral route is undesirable or impracticable): children> 1 year: 0.2-0.5 mg / kg / day. Ads .: 5-10 mg / day. Elderly, weakened, I.H .: 5 mg / day. - Anesthetic premedication: Parenteral: IM. Ads .: 10-20 mg, 1 h before inducing anesthesia. Children: 0.1-0.2 mg / kg. - Induction to anesthesia: Parenteral: 0.2 - 0.5 mg / kg IV. - Sedation prior to diagnostic, surgical and endoscopic interventions: Parenteral: IV. Ads .: 10-30 mg (5 mg initial and every 30 sec 2.5 mg until drop of eyelids to half pupil). Children: 0.1-0.2 mg / kg. Rectal (microenemas): ads .: 10 mg. Elderly, weakened, I.H .: 5 mg. Children 10-15 kg: 5 mg; > 16 kg: 10 mg. - Alcoholic Depression: Oral: 10 mg, 3 or 4 times first 24 h, reduce to 5 mg 3 or 4 times / day, according to evolution. Parenteral: 10 mg IM or IV, if necessary, at 3-4 h other 5-10 mg; or 0.1-0.3 mg / kg IV every 8 hours until symptoms subside. Then continue with tto. oral. - Coadjutant in musculoskeletal pain due to spasms or local pathology. Spasticity due to cerebral palsy and paraplegia, athetosis and generalized rigidity syndrome: Oral: ads .: 2-10 mg, 2 or 4 times / day. Children> 6 months: 0.1-0.3 mg / kg / day. Elderly, I.H., I.R .: 2-2.5 mg 1 or 2 times / day, increase gradually according to need and tolerability. Parenteral: 5-10 mg IM or IV, repeatable if necessary at 3-4 hours. Rectal (suppositories): ads: 5-10 mg / day. Children: 2.5-5 mg / day. Elderly and debilitated: 5 mg / day. -Adjuvant in anticonvulsant therapy: Oral: ads .: 2-10 mg, 2 or 4 times / day. Children> 6 months: 0.1-0.3 mg / kg / day. Elderly, I.H., I.R .: 2-2.5 mg 1 or 2 times / day, gradual increase according to need and tolerability. Febrile convulsions in children> 1 year. Epileptic seizures: Rectal: children> 1 year: 0.2-05 mg / kg / day. Ads .: 5-10 mg / day. Elderly, weakened, I.H .: 5 mg / day. Status epilepticus: Parenteral: 0.15-0.25 mg / kg IV repeated at intervals of 10-15 min, if necessary. Max .: 3 mg / kg / day. Tetanus: Parenteral: 0.1-0.3 mg / kg IV in 1-4 h intervals; or infusions continuous or with gastric tube 3-4 mg / kg in 24 h. Preeclampsia and eclampsia: Parenteral: 10-20 mg IV (if they require additional doses, in perfus, up to 100 mg in 24 h).
